What is Food-Grade Paper? Standards, Materials, and Safety
Kwadalwa ngo 04.22
Definition
Iziqhamo eziphephile zephepha zenzelwe ngqo ukuvumela ukuxhumana okuphephile ngqo noma okungaqondile nokudla. Ivikela ukungcoliswa ngokulandela izindinganiso eziqinile zok regulation, iqinisekisa ukuthi akukho zinto eziyingozi ezidluliselwa kokudla. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kufaka phakathi ukupakisha, ukupheka, ukupakisha, kanye nezitsha ezisetshenziswayo.
标准
Izi zephepha ezisemthethweni zokudla kumele zihambisane nemithetho yasendaweni kanye nezamazwe omhlaba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha:
1. United States (FDA):
- Ikwesiri ịchịkwa site na FDA CFR Title 21, Parts 176 (ndị na-abụghị nke ọma) na 177 (polymers na mpụta nri).
- Requires materials to be inert and non-migratory under intended use conditions (e.g., temperature, moisture).
- Iqinisekisa ukuthi akukhona imibala, ama-inki, noma ama-adhesives abulalayo.
2. European Union (EU):
- EC 1935/2004 eyaqha imathiriyali akufanele ayingozi empilweni noma aguqule ukwakheka kokudla.
- Specific measures for plastics, coatings, and recycled content (e.g., EC 10/2011 for plastics).
- Imitlhakelo ya masela (e.g., LFGB ya Jeremane) e tiisa mekgwa e mengwe ya tshebetso ya bolokwe.
3. Ezinye Izindinganiso:
- **ISO 22000:** Ikwesịrị ịtụle usoro njikwa nchekwa nri.
- **BRC Global Standard for Packaging:** Ensures hygiene, traceability, and compliance.
- **JFC (Japan) na IS 15495 (India):** Mitemo yenzvimbo yechikafu chekudyidzana nemidziyo.
Matériaux
Iziqhamo eziphephile zenziwe ngezinto eziphephile, ezilawulwayo, ngokuvamile zinezelwa ezikhethekile:
1. Izinto eziyisisekelo:
- **Virgin Wood Pulp:** Esetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlanzeka; igwema izinto ezingcolile ezitholakala ezindwangu eziphindaphindiwe.
- **Bamboo or Sugarcane Bagasse:** Sustainable alternatives for items like plates or containers.
2. Coatings/Treatments:
- **PLA (Polylactic Acid):** Biodegradable coating for grease/oil resistance.
- **Ukukhanya Kwe-Food-Grade Wax noma iSilicone:** Isetshenziswa ephepheni le-parchment lokubhaka elingabambeki.
- **Clay or PE (Polyethylene):** Ukuze kuvinjwe umswakama (qaphela: i-PE ayinakho ukuvikelwa kwemvelo).
3. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo:
- **Parchment Paper:** Silicone-coated, oven-safe.
- **Wax Paper:** Ukhuni lwezokudla olwenziwe nge-paraffin noma i-beeswax (akufanele kube nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu).
- **Butcher Paper:** Uncoated, used for meat/food wrapping.
4. Recycled Content:
- Zivume kuphela uma kuhlanzekile futhi kuhlanzekile ukuze kukhishwe izinto ezingcolile (kulawulwa ngaphansi kwemigomo ye-FDA/EC).
Ukucabangela Ubumfihlo
Ikeyi ezibalulekile eziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwephepha lokudla zifaka:
1. Kemikali Ukukhuseleka:
- **Ukuhlolwa Kokuhamba:** Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukudluliselwa okubi kwezinto (isb. , izinsimbi ezinzima, i-PFAS, i-BPA) ngaphansi kwezimo ezifana nokushisa.
- **Restricted Substances:** Prohibits toxic inks, adhesives, or coatings (e.g., EU bans PFAS in food packaging by 2023).
2. Ukuphepha Komzimba:
- **Durability:** Iphikisa ukuhlinzwa noma ukuhlinzwa uma kunamanzi (isb., amafutha ekhofi).
- **Izinga Lokushisa:** Kubalulekile kumaphepha okubhaka (kuvumela izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile le-oveni).
3. Microbial Safety:
- **Non-Toxic Production:** Processes avoid promoting bacterial growth.
- **Allergen Controls:** Iindawo zingadinga ukuhlukaniswa ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa okuphambene.
4. Ukuphila kahle:
- **Compostability:** Ipaphe ezivunyelwe zokuhlanza (isb., BPI, TÜV OK Compost) kumele ziqhume ngokuphepha.
- **Biodegradability:** Izinto ezifana ne-PLA noma iphepha le-kraft elingenamaki ziya zihlala zishabalala ngokwemvelo.
Izicelo
- **Direct Contact:** Sandwich wraps, baking sheets, candy liners.
- **Indirect Contact:** Ibhokisi zephepha, amalebula.
- **Specialized Uses:** Iphakhe elingangeni grease, iziqukathi eziphephile ze-microwave.
**Isiphetho**
Izi zephepha ezisemthethweni zixuba izinto ezilawulwayo, ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuqinile, kunye nokuphathwa okufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nemigangatho yezempilo. Iindawo ezibalulekileyo ziquka ukungasebenzi kwemichiza, imiqathango yokusetyenziswa, kunye nokusimama. Ngokuqhelekileyo qinisekisa iicertification (umzekelo, FDA, EC) kwaye ugweme iindlela ezingahambelaniyo zokuphepha kokutya.
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Ray
Ferrill
Evelyn